We have
introduced a sustainable air plasma-based system for nitrogen fixation into
reactive nitrogen species in water (e.g., nitrate and nitrite), mimicking the
lightning-based nitrogen fixation in nature. We report a hybrid plasma system
that combines a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor (as an efficient
ozone source) and an arc plasma reactor (as an efficient NOx source). This
hybrid plasma system ultimately converts gaseous NOx and O3 into NOx- in water
with almost zero emissions (NOx and O3). Gaseous outlets, in-liquid species,
and electrical parameters were investigated. The energy cost for nitrate
production via a single-pass reaction was significantly reduced to 8 MJ/mol,
which enhanced the applicability of the direct one-step nitrogen fixation into
NOx- in water for distributed fertilizer production to decrease the dependence
on the Haber–Bosh process towards sustainable agricultural development.
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